Return symbol: Difference between revisions
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** 換行符號是 {{kbd | key=<nowiki>LF</nowiki>}} = {{kbd | key=<nowiki>\n</nowiki>}} 顯示的是 {{kbd | key=<nowiki>¬</nowiki>}} 象形符號 (glyph) | ** 換行符號是 {{kbd | key=<nowiki>LF</nowiki>}} = {{kbd | key=<nowiki>\n</nowiki>}} 顯示的是 {{kbd | key=<nowiki>¬</nowiki>}} 象形符號 (glyph) | ||
** 換行符號是 {{kbd | key=<nowiki>CR</nowiki>}} = {{kbd | key=<nowiki>\r</nowiki>}} 顯示的是 {{kbd | key=<nowiki><0x0d></nowiki>}} | ** 換行符號是 {{kbd | key=<nowiki>CR</nowiki>}} = {{kbd | key=<nowiki>\r</nowiki>}} 顯示的是 {{kbd | key=<nowiki><0x0d></nowiki>}} | ||
* BASH [http://www.linfo.org/cat.html cat] command e.g. {{kbd | key=<nowiki>cat -e <filename></nowiki>}} | |||
** 換行符號是 {{kbd | key=<nowiki>CRLF</nowiki>}} = {{kbd | key=<nowiki>\r\n</nowiki>}} 顯示的是 {{kbd | key=<nowiki>^M$</nowiki>}} | |||
** 換行符號是 {{kbd | key=<nowiki>LF</nowiki>}} = {{kbd | key=<nowiki>\n</nowiki>}} 顯示的是 {{kbd | key=<nowiki>$</nowiki>}} | |||
** 換行符號是 {{kbd | key=<nowiki>CR</nowiki>}} = {{kbd | key=<nowiki>\r</nowiki>}} 顯示的是 {{kbd | key=<nowiki>^M</nowiki>}} | |||
查看檔案使用的換行符號 | 查看檔案使用的換行符號 | ||
Revision as of 12:59, 25 August 2018
換行符號 (Return symbol, line terminators, line endings, newline, end of line (EOL), line feed or line break)
- On Win
: CRLF = \r\n - On Unix, Linux
& recent versions of macOS 
: LF = \n - On classic versions of macOS [1][2] e.g. Mac OS 9: CR = \r
如何看到換行符號
查看每一行使用的換行符號
- Notepad++ On Win 選單 → 檢視 → 特殊字元 → 顯示行尾字元 (EOL)
- RawLineEdit for Sublime text
- 換行符號是 CRLF = \r\n 顯示的是 <0x0d>¬
- 換行符號是 LF = \n 顯示的是 ¬ 象形符號 (glyph)
- 換行符號是 CR = \r 顯示的是 <0x0d>
- BASH cat command e.g. cat -e <filename>
- 換行符號是 CRLF = \r\n 顯示的是 ^M$
- 換行符號是 LF = \n 顯示的是 $
- 換行符號是 CR = \r 顯示的是 ^M
查看檔案使用的換行符號
- file (command): file filename.txt on Linux , macOS [3] & Cygwin on Win
- atom/line-ending-selector: Switch between Unix and Window style line endings. for Atom on Win , macOS & Linux
| 檔案內容 | File command 偵測結果 |
|---|---|
| 換行符號是 CRLF = \r\n | UTF-8 Unicode text, with CRLF line terminators |
| 換行符號是 LF = \n | UTF-8 Unicode text  |
| 換行符號是 CR = \r | UTF-8 Unicode text, with CR line terminators |
| 特例: 換行符號夾雜 \r\n 和 \r | UTF-8 Unicode text, with CRLF, CR line terminators |
| 特例: 換行符號夾雜 \r\n 和 \n | UTF-8 Unicode text, with CRLF, LF line terminators |
| 特例: 換行符號夾雜 \n 和 \r | UTF-8 Unicode text, with CR, LF line terminators |
| 特例: 無內容的空檔案 | empty |
如何取代換行符號
- 支援 Regular expression 的文字編輯軟體，例: 將Email清單，轉成Email軟體可以使用的寄信名單 (取代換行符號為逗號)
- MySQL: SELECT REPLACE(REPLACE(REPLACE(`column`,'\r\n',''),'\n',''),'\r','') [4]
- Excel: 3 ways to remove carriage returns in Excel: formulas, VBA macro, find&replace dialog [Last visited: 2018-05-24]
Related articles
- Carriage return - Wikipedia
- 換行 - 维基百科，自由的百科全书
- 回車鍵 - 維基百科，自由的百科全書
- 陳雲濤的部落格: 筆記 CRLF跟LF之區別 --- 隱形的 bug:「CRLF才是真正的打字機運作方式，你可以想像：打字機打到最右邊，要先return到最左邊之後，再往下一行，所以是CRLF ... ...」
- Differences in end of line characters Mac, Windows, and Linux
References