MySQL commands: Difference between revisions

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=== Preparation ===
=== Preparation ===
install MySQL database client apps ex: {{kbd | key=mysql}} & {{kbd | key=mysqldump}} commands
* {{Linux}}:
* {{Win}}: Install (1) [https://www.cygwin.com/ Cygwin], (2) search mysql & install MySQL database clients apps package
* {{Mac}}: Install [https://www.apachefriends.org/zh_tw/download.html XAMPP]. Path of {{kbd | key=mysql}} executable file is: /Applications/xampp/xamppfiles/bin/mysql
create the db user
create the db user
# create the db user
# create the db user
Line 6: Line 11:
# the db user will be able to execute the mysqldump command
# the db user will be able to execute the mysqldump command


MySQL database clients ex: {{kbd | key=mysql}} & {{kbd | key=mysqldump}} commands
(optional) install the [http://www.ivarch.com/programs/pv.shtml Pipe Viewer] (pv) package
* {{Linux}}:  
* {{Linux}}:  
* {{Win}}:
*# [http://www.tecmint.com/enable-rpmforge-repository/ How to Enable RPMForge Repository in RHEL/CentOS 7.x/6.x/5.x/4.x]
* {{Mac}}: Install [https://www.apachefriends.org/zh_tw/download.html XAMPP]. Path of {{kbd | key=mysql}} executable file is: /Applications/xampp/xamppfiles/bin/mysql
*# (1){{kbd | key =yum install pv}} for RHEL / CentOS / SL / Fedora Linux<ref>[http://www.cyberciti.biz/open-source/command-line-hacks/pv-command-examples/ Linux / Unix pv Command: Monitor Progress of Data Sent Via a Pipe]</ref>;  (2) {{kbd | key =apt-get install pv}} for Debian / Ubuntu<ref>[http://www.ivarch.com/programs/pv.shtml ivarch.com: Pipe Viewer]</ref>;  
 
* {{Win}}: Install (1) [https://www.cygwin.com/ Cygwin], (2) search pv & install pv package
(optoinal) install the Pipe Viewer (pv) package
* {{Mac}}: Install (1) {{kbd | key =brew install pv}} to get the latest version of pv package<ref>[http://ashleyangell.com/2013/11/pipe-viewer-pv-in-mac-osx/ Pipe Viewer (pv) in Mac OSX]</ref> and (2) MySQL database clients from [https://www.apachefriends.org/zh_tw/download.html XAMPP]. Path of mysql is: /Applications/xampp/xamppfiles/bin/mysql
# [http://www.tecmint.com/enable-rpmforge-repository/ How to Enable RPMForge Repository in RHEL/CentOS 7.x/6.x/5.x/4.x]
# install [http://www.ivarch.com/programs/pv.shtml Pipe Viewer]
#* {{Linux}}: (1){{kbd | key =yum install pv}} for RHEL / CentOS / SL / Fedora Linux<ref>[http://www.cyberciti.biz/open-source/command-line-hacks/pv-command-examples/ Linux / Unix pv Command: Monitor Progress of Data Sent Via a Pipe]</ref>;  (2) {{kbd | key =apt-get install pv}} for Debian / Ubuntu<ref>[http://www.ivarch.com/programs/pv.shtml ivarch.com: Pipe Viewer]</ref>;  
#* {{Win}}: Install (1) [https://www.cygwin.com/ Cygwin], (2) pv package and (3) MySQL database clients apps package
#* {{Mac}}: Install (1) {{kbd | key =brew install pv}} to get the latest version of pv package<ref>[http://ashleyangell.com/2013/11/pipe-viewer-pv-in-mac-osx/ Pipe Viewer (pv) in Mac OSX]</ref> and (2) MySQL database clients from [https://www.apachefriends.org/zh_tw/download.html XAMPP]. Path of mysql is: /Applications/xampp/xamppfiles/bin/mysql


=== Exporting data into MySql sql file ===
=== Exporting data into MySql sql file ===

Revision as of 21:55, 1 January 2016

Preparation

install MySQL database client apps ex: mysql & mysqldump commands

  • Linux Os linux.png :
  • Win Os windows.png : Install (1) Cygwin, (2) search mysql & install MySQL database clients apps package
  • Mac icon_os_mac.png : Install XAMPP. Path of mysql executable file is: /Applications/xampp/xamppfiles/bin/mysql

create the db user

  1. create the db user
  2. grant the minimum permission: SELECT, LOCK TABLES to the db user. SQL query: GRANT SELECT, LOCK TABLES ON `DATA\_BASE\_NAME`.* TO 'dbuser'@'localhost';[1]
  3. the db user will be able to execute the mysqldump command

(optional) install the Pipe Viewer (pv) package

Exporting data into MySql sql file

  • Good.gif export the compressed *.sql file (especially for BIG sql file). It will show a progress bar and estimated time to complete the mysqldump[5][6]:
    1. (optional) install pv if the pv was not installed
    2. (for InnoDB tables)mysqldump -h localhost -u username -p --force --single-transaction DATA_BASE_NAME | pv | gzip -c > database.sql.gz [7][8] and press Enter
    3. ask to enter password and press Enter


  • Bulk export multiple tables into the compressed *.sql files
mysqldump -h localhost -u username -pPASSWORD --force --single-transaction DB_NAME TABLE_1 | pv | gzip -c > table_1.sql.gz
mysqldump -h localhost -u username -pPASSWORD --force --single-transaction DB_NAME TABLE_2 | pv | gzip -c > table_2.sql.gz

note: the last line of above part is return symbol. The last command will not executed automatically without the return symbol.

  • export the *.sql file. It will show a progress bar and estimated time to complete the mysqldump [9]:
    1. (optional if the pv was not installed) yum install pv for RHEL / CentOS / SL / Fedora Linux
    2. (for InnoDB tables)mysqldump -h localhost -u username -p --force --single-transaction DATA_BASE_NAME | pv > database.sql and press Enter
    3. enter password and press Enter
  • export the *.sql file
    1. mysqldump -h localhost -u username -p DATA-BASE-NAME > /path/to/database.sql

Importing data from MySql sql file

Icon_exclaim.gif Notice: existing database will be overwritten

  • Good.gif Import the compressed *.sql file with gzip (especially for BIG sql file). It will show a progress bar and estimated time to complete the mysql command:
    1. (optional) install pv if the pv was not installed for RHEL / CentOS / SL / Fedora Linux
    2. pv database.sql.gz | gunzip | mysql -u username -p -h localhost --default_character_set utf8 --force DATA_BASE_NAME [10] and press Enter
    3. enter password and press Enter The console window will show ETA (Estimated Time of Arrival)
  • Import *.sql file:
    1. (optional if the .sql file was compressed) unzip data.zip or gzip -d data.gz if the file was compressed by gzip
    2. mysql -u username -p -h localhost --default_character_set utf8 --force DATA_BASE_NAME < data.sql [11] and press Enter
    3. enter password and press Enter
  • Import the *.sql file (especially for BIG sql file). It will show a progress bar and estimated time to complete the mysql command[12]:
    1. (optional if the pv was not installed) yum install pv for RHEL / CentOS / SL / Fedora Linux
    2. pv data.sql | mysql -u username -p -h localhost --default_character_set utf8 --force DATA_BASE_NAME [13] and press Enter
    3. enter password and press Enter The console window will show ETA (Estimated Time of Arrival)
  • Import ZIP file to MySql directly:
    1. (optional if the 7Zip was not installed) yum install p7zip
    2. 7za x -so data.zip | mysql -u username -p -h localhost --default_character_set utf8 --force DATA_BASE_NAME [14][15] and press Enter
    3. enter password and press Enter

Show the MySQL process list & kill the process

Show the MySQL process list & kill the process (especial for SLOW query command)[16]

  1. mysql -h HOST -u ACCOUNT -p
  2. And keyin the PASSWORD of your MySQL ACCOUNT. The first character will be changed to mysql> from $ or #
  3. mysql> SHOW FULL PROCESSLIST\G to show the process list
  4. mysql> kill 101; to kill the process with Id number: 101
  5. mysql> exit; to leave the MySQL command.


Troubleshooting of MySQL command

command not found: mysqldump

  1. locate the mysqldump command
    • sudo find / -iname mysqldump for Mac icon_os_mac.png or Linux Os linux.png
    • And find /Applications/XAMPP/xamppfiles/bin/mysqldump from XAMPP for Mac icon_os_mac.png
  2. input the complete path of mysqldump command
    • old command which caused error mysqldump -h 127.0.0.1 -u root -p --force --single-transaction DATABASE_NAME | pv | gzip -c > DATABASE_NAME.sql.gz
    • new command /Applications/XAMPP/xamppfiles/bin/mysqldump -h 127.0.0.1 -u root -p --force --single-transaction DATABASE_NAME | pv | gzip -c > DATABASE_NAME.sql.gz

references

  1. ↑ security - Minimum permissions for a user to perform a mysqldump? - Server Fault
  2. ↑ Linux / Unix pv Command: Monitor Progress of Data Sent Via a Pipe
  3. ↑ ivarch.com: Pipe Viewer
  4. ↑ Pipe Viewer (pv) in Mac OSX
  5. ↑ mysql - How can I monitor the progress of an import of a large .sql file? - Database Administrators Stack Exchange
  6. ↑ MySQL :: MySQL 5.1 Reference Manual :: 4.5.4 mysqldump — A Database Backup Program
  7. ↑ pv + gzip + mysql — W. Andrew Loe III: Journal
  8. ↑ (if have permission to LOCK TABLES)mysqldump -h localhost -u username -p DATA_BASE_NAME | pv | gzip -c > database.sql.gz (if have no permission to LOCK TABLES)mysqldump -h localhost -u username -p --lock-tables=false DATA_BASE_NAME | pv | gzip -c > database.sql.gz via mysql - Run MySQLDump without Locking Tables - Stack Overflow
  9. ↑ MySQL Import/Export Progress Bar - Kevin Warrington
  10. ↑ pv + gzip + mysql — W. Andrew Loe III: Journal
  11. ↑ Import MySQL Dumpfile, SQL Datafile Into My Database
  12. ↑ mysql - How can I monitor the progress of an import of a large .sql file? - Database Administrators Stack Exchange
  13. ↑ Import MySQL Dumpfile, SQL Datafile Into My Database
  14. ↑ database - Importing zipped files in Mysql using command line - Stack Overflow
  15. ↑ Install 7Zip on CentOS 5.5
  16. ↑ MySQL :: MySQL 5.1 Reference Manual :: 13.7.5.31 SHOW PROCESSLIST Syntax

further reading

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