Linux commands: Difference between revisions
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* import *.sql file: | * import *.sql file: | ||
*# {{kbd | key = <nowiki>mysql -u username -p -h localhost DATA-BASE-NAME < data.sql</nowiki>}} <ref>[http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/import-mysql-dumpfile-sql-datafile-into-my-database/ Import MySQL Dumpfile, SQL Datafile Into My Database]</ref> and press {{kbd | key = <nowiki>Enter</nowiki> }} | *# {{kbd | key = <nowiki>mysql -u username -p -h localhost DATA-BASE-NAME < data.sql</nowiki>}} <ref>[http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/import-mysql-dumpfile-sql-datafile-into-my-database/ Import MySQL Dumpfile, SQL Datafile Into My Database]</ref> and press {{kbd | key = <nowiki>Enter</nowiki> }} | ||
*# enter {{kbd | key = <nowiki> | *# enter {{kbd | key = <nowiki>DATA-BASE-PASSWORD</nowiki> }} and press {{kbd | key = <nowiki>Enter</nowiki> }} | ||
* import *.zip file: | * import *.zip file: | ||
*# {{kbd | key = <nowiki>7za x -so data.zip | mysql -u username -p -h localhost DATA-BASE-NAME</nowiki>}} <ref>[http://stackoverflow.com/questions/11267309/importing-zipped-files-in-mysql-using-command-line database - Importing zipped files in Mysql using command line - Stack Overflow]</ref><ref>[http://needs-be.blogspot.tw/2011/01/install-7zip-on-centos-55.html Install 7Zip on CentOS 5.5]</ref> and press {{kbd | key = <nowiki>Enter</nowiki> }} | *# {{kbd | key = <nowiki>7za x -so data.zip | mysql -u username -p -h localhost DATA-BASE-NAME</nowiki>}} <ref>[http://stackoverflow.com/questions/11267309/importing-zipped-files-in-mysql-using-command-line database - Importing zipped files in Mysql using command line - Stack Overflow]</ref><ref>[http://needs-be.blogspot.tw/2011/01/install-7zip-on-centos-55.html Install 7Zip on CentOS 5.5]</ref> and press {{kbd | key = <nowiki>Enter</nowiki> }} | ||
*# enter {{kbd | key = <nowiki> | *# enter {{kbd | key = <nowiki>DATA-BASE-PASSWORD</nowiki> }} and press {{kbd | key = <nowiki>Enter</nowiki> }} | ||
== system operation == | == system operation == | ||
Revision as of 16:02, 27 February 2013
(1) alternative Linux commands to complete the same task, (2) The equivalent or similar commands between Windows and Linux system.
help for command: Type command --help or man command (Linux 
)
text file manipulation
display the first lines of text file
- head [options] filename (OS: Linux )
- vi [options] filename (and press gg) (Linux )
- vim [options] filename (and press gg) (Linux ); Open file and press gg for gVim (Win
)
display the last few lines of text file
- tail [options] filename (Linux )
- vi [options] filename (and press G) (Linux )
- vim [options] filename (and press G) (Linux ); Open file and press G for gVim (Win )
- Tail for Win32 GUI interface (Win )
not support Unicode file for v.4.2.6
Search text in file
- (1)vim [options] filename (2)press /keyword (Linux )
- grep: grep keyword file_name (Linux )
file operation
find a file
- find (Linux ) ex: find / -name filename Find the file which naming filename Under the path / (root folder) [1]
- dir (Win ) ex: dir /s filename [2][3] I have no idea to specify the file path to find the file.
copy old directory to new directory
- cp -a old_dir new_dir/ (Linux )
- copy /Y old_dir new_dir/ (Win )[4]
- make new directory & copy all old files to new directory
- mkdir new_dir
- cp old_dir/* new_dir
download file from remote server
- FTP
- wget: wget http://path.to/file
- SVN update su - www -c "svn up http://remote.svn.server/path/ /local/path/ --username=your_account --password=xxx"
- more on File transfer methods
delete files or directory
- rm -rf /Name_of_directory (Linux )[5]
- del Name_of_directory (Win )
- After executed del Name_of_directory but the empty directory directory_name will be left.
- Command delete is not available in Win XP
rename (move) files or directory
list directory or files / list directory contents
show the current directory
- pwd(Linux )
- echo %cd%(Win ) [10]
network
show ip
ping You may got no response if the server was disabled the ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) response.
- ping domain_or_ip (Linux )
- ping domain_or_ip -t (Win )
whois: search the information of domain (related: Domain Name Register)
- whois domain (Linux or Win : require to install whois for windows)
apache operation
check apache servie is running or not
- service --status-all | grep -i httpd (Linux [13][14])
- netstat -npl | grep httpd for Linux [15]
- netstat -an | find /i "listening" (Win ) find the local open ports & find local address TCP 0.0.0.0:80 is listening[16]
- more on connection test...
check which mpm (multi processing module) apache is running
- httpd -l (Linux & Win ) ex: Linux /usr/local/httpd/bin/httpd -l or Win x:\apache\bin>httpd -l where x:\apache is the installation folder of apache [17]
mysql operation
import mysql sql dump file
- import *.sql file:
- mysql -u username -p -h localhost DATA-BASE-NAME < data.sql [18] and press Enter
- enter DATA-BASE-PASSWORD and press Enter
- import *.zip file:
system operation
show current time
- date (Linux ) output: Thu Oct 25 15:05:10 CST 2012 [21]
- date/t (Win )
output: OS in English: Thu 05/03/2012 OS in Chinese: 2012/05/03 星期四
- related: timestamp in PHP and MySQL syntax
specify the location where Linux or MS-DOS looks when using a command
reboot the system/server
OS version
Search text of command output
- linux command | grep string (Linux ) ex: keyin yum list installed | grep tar to search the installed package naming tar.[28]
- Windows command | find "string" (Win ) ex: netstat -a | find "3306" (note: enclose string in double quotation marks)[29]
help for command
view the documentation for this command
- command --help or man command (Linux )
- command /? (Win )
emergency exit
- ctrl+c or ctrl+break (Linux & Win )
- Pause/Break (Linux ) ex: I pressed the key to leave from the warning message "Vim: Warning: Output is not to a terminal".
references
- ↑ Tips For Linux - How to find files in Linux using 'find'
- ↑ How to find a file in MS-DOS.
- ↑ /S 顯示指定目錄及所有子目錄中的檔案。 (引用自 dir /? 命令說明)
- ↑ /Y 不顯示覆寫現存目的檔案的確認提示。 (引用自 copy /? 命令說明)
- ↑ [OPTION]
- -r remove directories and their contents recursively;
- -f ignore nonexistent files, never prompt
- ↑ Linux Rename Files, Folders or Directories
- ↑ MS-DOS ren and rename command help
- ↑ 鳥哥的 Linux 私房菜 -- Linux 的檔案權限與目錄配置
- ↑ [OPTION]
- -l use a long listing format
- -h, --human-readable; with -l, print sizes in human readable format (e.g., 1K 234M 2G) Quoted from linux man ls
- ↑ Windows equivilent to UNIX pwd - Stack Overflow
- ↑ 鳥哥的 Linux 私房菜 -- Linux 常用網路指令介紹
- ↑ bash: ifconfig: command not found 無法使用ifconfig指令？ 先加上 su -l指令
- ↑ Red Hat / CentOS: Check / List Running Services
- ↑ -i means ignore caseHow to use the grep command, by The Linux Information Project (LINFO)
- ↑ Linux / UNIX Find Out What Program / Service is Listening on a Specific TCP Port
- ↑ Netstat
- ↑ Check which mpm (multi processing module) apache is running | Binary Tides
- ↑ Import MySQL Dumpfile, SQL Datafile Into My Database
- ↑ database - Importing zipped files in Mysql using command line - Stack Overflow
- ↑ Install 7Zip on CentOS 5.5
- ↑ 鳥哥的 Linux 私房菜 -- NTP 時間伺服器
- ↑ 鳥哥的 Linux 私房菜 -- 檔案與目錄管理 -- 關於執行檔路徑的變數： $PATH
- ↑ How to setup my system path
- ↑ reboot - Linux Command - Unix Command
- ↑ Windows原來也有內建好用的關機軟體(Shutdown.exe) | ㊣軟體玩家
- ↑ The Will Will Web | 如何查詢 Linux 的種類與版本 ( Linux Standard Base )
- ↑ Find windows OS version from command line
- ↑ Unix/Linux grep command examples | grep command in Unix and Linux | grep examples | alvinalexander.com
- ↑ Microsoft Windows XP - Find
further reading
- ÆtherDev - Windows | Linux Equivalent Commands[Last visited: 2012-09-07]