Editing Simple data anonymization

使用 Excel 或 MySQL 資料庫查詢方式，簡易地將個人資料去識別化 (將姓名馬賽克) 。

== 姓名的個資去識別化 ==
=== case1: 王小明 --> 王O明; 孤獨求敗 --> 孤OO敗 ===
Reserve the first and last characters of name, and replace other characters with the symbol 'OO'.

ex: 
* 楊過 --> 楊O
* 王小明 --> 王O明
* 孤獨求敗 --> 孤OO敗
* Guo da-xia --> GOOOOOOOOa

methods:
* Excel: 
** {{kbd | key=<nowiki>=IF(LEN(A1)=2, LEFT(A1, 1)&"O", LEFT(A1, 1)&REPT("O", LEN(A1)-2)&RIGHT(A1, 1))</nowiki>}}
** {{kbd | key=<nowiki>=REPLACE(A1, 2, 1, "O")</nowiki>}}<ref>[http://blog.xuite.net/yh96301/blog/80724141-Excel+2010%E5%A7%93%E5%90%8D%E7%9A%84%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E5%80%8B%E5%AD%97%E5%8F%96%E4%BB%A3%E7%82%BAO Excel 2010姓名的第二個字取代為O @ 軟體使用教學 :: 隨意窩 Xuite日誌]</ref>  {{exclaim}} only applied for 3 characters, NOT for 4 characters
* PHP: using regular_replace
<pre>
if(mb_strlen($string, "UTF-8") == 2){
   echo mb_substr($string, 0, 1, "UTF-8") . "O";

}else{
  $pattern = '/^(\X)(\X+)(\X)/u';
  preg_match($pattern, $string, $matches);
  echo $matches[1]. str_repeat("O", mb_strlen($string, "UTF-8") - 2) . $matches[3];

}
</pre>
* MySQL: 
<pre>
SET @name := "楊過";
-- SET @name := "王小明";
-- SET @name := "孤獨求敗";
-- SET @name := "Guo da-xia";

SELECT CASE  
    WHEN CHAR_LENGTH(@name) =2 THEN CONCAT(LEFT(@name, 1), 'O')
    ELSE CONCAT(LEFT(@name, 1), REPEAT('O', CHAR_LENGTH(@name)-2), RIGHT(@name, 1))
    END;
</pre>

=== case2: 王小明 --> 王O明; 孤獨求敗 --> 孤O敗 ===

ex: 
* 楊過 -> 楊O
* 王小明 --> 王O明
* 孤獨求敗 --> 孤O敗
* Guo da-xia --> GOa


methods
* Excel: 
** {{kbd | key=<nowiki>=IF(LEN(A2)=2, LEFT(A2, 1)&"O", LEFT(A2, 1)&REPT("O", 1)&RIGHT(A2, 1))</nowiki>}} also applied for 3 or 4 characters



=== case3: 王小明 --> 王OO; 孤獨求敗 --> 孤OO ===
Reserve the first character of name, and replace other characters with the symbol 'OO'.

ex: 
* 楊過 -> 楊OO
* 王小明 --> 王OO
* 孤獨求敗 --> 孤OO
* Guo da-xia --> GOO


methods
* Excel: 
** {{kbd | key=<nowiki>=REPLACE(A2, 2, LEN(A2)-1, "OO")</nowiki>}} also applied for 3 or 4 characters
** {{kbd | key=<nowiki>=REPLACE(A2, 2, 2, "O")</nowiki>}} {{exclaim}} only applied for 3 characters, NOT for 4 characters
* MySQL: 
<pre>
-- SET @name := "楊過";
SET @name := "王小明";
-- SET @name := "孤獨求敗";
-- SET @name := "Guo da-xia";

SELECT CONCAT(LEFT(@name, 1), 'OO');
</pre>

=== case4: 王小明 --> 王OO; 孤獨求敗 --> 孤OO敗 ===
Replace the second and third characters with the symbol 'OO', and reserve other characters.

* 楊過 --> 楊OO
* 王小明 --> 王OO
* 孤獨求敗 --> 孤OO敗
* Guo da-xia --> GOO da-xia

methods:
* Excel
** {{kbd | key=<nowiki>=REPLACE(A1, 2, 2, "OO")</nowiki>}}

* PHP
<pre>
//$string = '楊過';
$string = '王小明';
//$string = '孤獨求敗';
//$string = 'Guo da-xia';

$pattern = '/^(\X)(\X\X?)(\X?)/u';
$replacement = '$1OO$3';
echo preg_replace($pattern, $replacement, $string);
</pre>

* MySQL
<pre>
-- SET @name := "楊過";
SET @name := "王小明";
-- SET @name := "孤獨求敗";
-- SET @name := "Guo da-xia";

SELECT CONCAT(LEFT(@name, 1), 'OO', RIGHT(@name, CHAR_LENGTH(@name)-3));
</pre>



== 手機號碼的個資去識別化 ==
=== case1: 0912345678 --> 09123XXXXX8 ===

methods:
* Excel
** {{kbd | key=<nowiki>=LEFT(A2, 5)&REPT("X", 5)&RIGHT(A2, 1)</nowiki>}}

== References ==
<references />

further reading
* [https://vtaiwan.tw/personal-data-protection/init/ 個資利用與去識別化 - vTaiwan.tw]
* [http://www.cc.ntu.edu.tw/chinese/epaper/0040/20170320_4008.html 淺談個資遮罩]

related terms
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_masking Data masking] ([http://www.ithome.com.tw/tech/87443 資料遮罩])

[[Category:Data transformation]] [[Category:Data Science]] [[Category:Excel]]