Editing Export MySQL query to Excel file

Export MySQL query to Excel file (XLS or XLSX file)


== Methods ==
=== One step conversion: ex MySQL query -> Excel file ===
Methods of exporting MySQL query -> XLS/XLSX file: PHP scripts or other MySQL client softwares e.g.
* [https://phpexcel.codeplex.com/ PHPExcel]: PHP scripts
* [https://www.quest.com/products/toad-for-mysql/ Toad for MySQL] for {{Win}}
* [https://www.spectralcore.com/fullconvert Full Convert Enterprise]: allows easy copying of tables and data between 40 or so supported databases. It will create all the tables, copy all of your data, then create indexes and foreign keys. 30 days trial
* ''$'' [https://www.navicat.com/cht Navicat GUI] for {{Win}} & {{Mac}}

Notice the limit of Excel XLS file format:
# "Total number of characters that a cell can contain: 32,767 characters" 
#* Using [http://www.w3resource.com/mysql/string-functions/mysql-substring-function.php MySQL SUBSTRING() function] ex: {{kbd | key = <nowiki>SUBSTRING(string_column, 1, 32767)</nowiki>}} for EXCEL 97<ref>[https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/kb/296053 Summary of capability limitations in Excel 97]</ref>-2007<ref>[https://support.office.com/en-us/article/Excel-specifications-and-limits-16c69c74-3d6a-4aaf-ba35-e6eb276e8eaa?CorrelationId=1de7e8d2-91e2-4eec-8868-4dc8cbd23463&ui=en-US&rs=en-US&ad=US Excel specifications and limits]</ref> (XLS 檔)
#* validate the count of characters: MySQL {{kbd | key = <nowiki>CHAR_LENGTH</nowiki>}} or Excel {{kbd | key = <nowiki>LEN</nowiki>}} functions
# "Length of formula contents: 8,192 characters" If the content start with the symbol {{kbd | key =<nowiki>=</nowiki>}} or {{kbd | key =<nowiki>-</nowiki>}}, Excel will consider the content is formula. 
#* Using CONCAT {{kbd | key =<nowiki>'</nowiki>}} symbol ex: {{kbd | key = <nowiki>CONCAT('\'', string_column)</nowiki>}} If the content is not formula.
# "Worksheet size: 1,048,576 rows": 
#* Using {{kbd | key =LIMIT 1048576}} for EXCEL 2007

integrated solution for Excel limit 1 ~ limit 3
*  {{kbd | key =<nowiki>SELECT SUBSTRING(IF(LEFT(string_column, 1) = '-' OR LEFT(string_column, 1) = '=', CONCAT('\'', string_column), string_column), 1, 32767) FROM <table> LIMIT 1048576</nowiki>}}

相關文章
* [https://errerrors.blogspot.com/2015/07/excel.html Err: 解決從資料庫輸出 Excel 檔案，遇到非常大數字的科學符號和有效位數的問題]
* [https://errerrors.blogspot.com/2016/02/navicat.html Err: 解決 Navicat 「存放裝置空間不足，無法完成此操作」問題訊息]

=== Two steps conversion ex: MySQL query -> CSV file -> Excel file===

==== Step 1: Export the MySQL query -> CSV file ====
Approaches
* [[Database management tools]] (MySQL client softwares)
* PHPExcel
* [http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/mysqldump-delimited-text.html MySQL :: MySQL 5.7 Reference Manual :: 8.4.3 Dumping Data in Delimited-Text Format with mysqldump] 
** Required {{kbd | key = FILE}} permission ex: {{kbd | key = GRANT FILE ON *.* TO 'user_name'@'localhost';}} If you met the following error message: 
<pre>
mysqldump: Got error: 1045: Access denied for user 'user_name'@'localhost' (using password: YES) when executing 'SELECT INTO OUTFILE'
</pre>

Condition
* Condition 1: If the rows count of MySQL query is larger than 65,535 rows. You can use MS Excel.
* Condition 2: If the rows count of MySQL query is less than 65,535 rows. You can use [https://zh-tw.libreoffice.org/discover/calc/ LibreOffice Calc] & MS Excel.
* Condition 3: Replace the double quote with double double quote if the enclosure character is double quote.
* Condition 4: (optional) Replace the return character with space character or other character e.g. {{kbd | key = ↵}} ([https://www.compart.com/en/unicode/U+21B5 U+21B5]). SQL query syntax: 
<pre>
REPLACE(REPLACE(REPLACE(column_name, '\r\n', ''), '\n', ''), '\r', '') AS column_name
</pre>

Validation: Use the editor supported [[Regular expression]], 
* Search {{kbd | key=<nowiki>^[^"]</nowiki>}} in the csv files to search the rows which contains return symbols. The {{kbd | key=<nowiki>"</nowiki>}} symbol is the "text qualifier" what I specified before export the MySQL query.

==== Step 2: Convert CSV to XLSX/XLS file format. ====

* MS Excel
** [https://www.itg.ias.edu/content/how-import-csv-file-uses-utf-8-character-encoding-0 How to import a .csv file that uses UTF-8 character encoding | Information Technology Group]
** [https://errerrors.blogspot.com/2010/10/csv-microsoft-excel-2007-openofficeorg.html Err: 解決CSV檔亂碼 (Microsoft Excel 2007 或 OpenOffice.org 3.2)] {{Win}}
** [https://errerrors.blogspot.com/2014/05/mac-office-excel-csv-microsoft-excel.html Err: Mac Office Excel 匯入中文 CSV 檔案 (Microsoft Excel for Mac 2011)] {{Mac}}
* [https://zh-tw.libreoffice.org/discover/calc/ LibreOffice Calc] ([http://portableapps.com/apps/office/libreoffice_portable LibreOffice Portable])

==== Step 3: Data verification ====
# Verify the data rows count: Equal to the rows count of MySQL query. '''Not''' equal to 65,535 rows or less than the rows count of MySQL query.
# Verify the data column is in correct position
#* {{exclaim}} If the CSV is not well-formatted, sometimes the data column after imported to Excel is in wrong position. 
# Verify the rows count
#* If the data size is less than 65,535 rows, convert CSV to Excel/XLS by [https://zh-tw.libreoffice.org/discover/calc/ LibreOffice Calc] is recommended.
#* If the data size is larger than 65,535 rows, Adjust the MySQL query to avoid the column value contains the 
#** enclosure character e.g. {{kbd | key=Tab}} key 
#** escape the enclosure character e.g. {{kbd | key=<nowiki>"</nowiki>}} become {{kbd | key=<nowiki>""</nowiki>}}
#** return symbol to separate different data row.

== Troubleshooting of technical issues ==
=== If it costs too much time to convert to Excel file ===
The important steps before generating CSV file. These steps reduce the problems when the CSV file was converted to Excel file.
* Add '''delimiter character''' between different column ex: comma symbol (,) or tab symbol
* Add '''enclosure character''' ex: double quote symbol (") or single quote symbol (')
* Add '''escape character''' escape the column value if contains the '''enclosure character'''
* Remove return symbol<ref>[http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1504962/how-to-remove-new-line-characters-from-data-rows-in-mysql trim - How to remove new line characters from data rows in mysql? - Stack Overflow]</ref>: <pre>SELECT REPLACE(REPLACE(REPLACE(`my_column`, '\r\n', '   '), '\n', '   '), '\r', '   ') </pre>

=== Data format in result set became string after exported as Excel file===
* '''Number''' data types in result set became '''string''' after exported as XLSX file <ref>[https://exceljet.net/formula/convert-text-to-numbers Excel formula: Convert text to numbers | Exceljet]</ref>
* '''Date time''' data types in result set became '''string''' after exported as XLSX file<ref>[https://errerrors.blogspot.com/2016/12/excel-value-text.html Excel 如何轉換文字格式的日期時間格式 (使用 VALUE, TEXT 函數)]</ref>

== Database management tools ==
[[Database management tools]]

== Microsoft Excel (XLS or XLSX) & OpenDocument Spreadsheet (ODS) file limits ==
[[Microsoft Excel#Microsoft Excel (XLS or XLSX) & OpenDocument Spreadsheet (ODS) file limits]]


== References ==
<references/>

{{Template:Data factory flow}}

[[Category:Data Science]] [[Category:Excel]] [[Category:MySQL]]