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Troubleshooting of curl errors
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=== How to resolve cUrl error (3) bad range in URL position xx === '''Problem''' When using curl to download URLs containing special characters (like `[]`), you may encounter this error: <pre> curl: (3) bad range in URL position 33 </pre> '''Solution''' Convert special characters to URL-encoded format: <pre> # Incorrect example curl "https://example.com/api?param[0]=value" # Correct example curl "https://example.com/api?param%5B0%5D=value" </pre> Common URL encoding references: * `[` becomes `%5B` * `]` becomes `%5D` * Space becomes `%20` '''Explanation''' * URL specifications require certain special characters to be encoded for use * Characters like `[]` have special meanings in URLs and can cause parsing errors if used directly * URL encoding ensures these special characters can be correctly transmitted and parsed If you're unsure whether encoding is needed, you can use an online URL encoder tool for conversion e.g. [https://www.urlencoder.org/ URL Encode and Decode - Online].
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