Editing Linux commands (section)

== Text file manipulation ==

=== Display the content of text file ===

==== Display the first lines of text file ====
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Head_(Unix) head] <nowiki>[options]</nowiki> ''filename'' ({{OS}}: {{Linux}})
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vi vi] <nowiki>[options]</nowiki> ''filename'' (and press {{kbd | key=gg}}) ({{Linux}})
* [http://www.tuxfiles.org/linuxhelp/vimcheat.html vim] <nowiki>[options]</nowiki> ''filename'' (and press {{kbd | key=gg}}) ({{Linux}}); Open file and press {{kbd | key=gg}} for [http://www.vim.org/ gVim] ({{Win}})

==== Display the first xxx bytes of text file ====
* On {{Linux}}, To display the first bytes characters of text file<ref>[https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/167814/get-first-x-characters-from-the-cat-command cut - get first X characters from the cat command? - Unix & Linux Stack Exchange]</ref>

<pre>
head -c 100 file_name
</pre>

==== Display the last few lines of text file ====
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tail_(Unix) tail] <nowiki>[options]</nowiki> ''filename'' ({{Linux}})
* [http://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/47407/cat-line-x-to-line-y-on-a-huge-file tail - cat line X to line Y on a huge file - Unix & Linux Stack Exchange]
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vi vi] <nowiki>[options]</nowiki> ''filename'' (and press G) ({{Linux}})
* [http://www.tuxfiles.org/linuxhelp/vimcheat.html vim] <nowiki>[options]</nowiki> ''filename'' (and press G) ({{Linux}}); Open file and press G for [http://www.vim.org/ gVim] ({{Win}})
* [http://tailforwin32.sourceforge.net/ Tail for Win32] GUI interface ({{Win}}) {{exclaim}} not support Unicode file for v.4.2.6

==== Display the entire content of text file ====
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vi vi] <nowiki>[options]</nowiki> ''filename''  ({{Linux}})
* {{kbd | key=<nowiki>cat <filename></nowiki>}}  ({{Linux}})
* {{kbd | key=<nowiki>type <filename></nowiki>}}  ({{Win}})

==== Display the partial content of large text file page by page ====
* {{kbd | key=<nowiki>cat <filename> | less</nowiki>}}  ({{Linux}} or Cygwin on {{Win}}) {{exclaim}} Chinese issue<ref>[https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6943928/show-special-characters-in-unix-while-using-less-command linux - Show special characters in Unix while using 'less' Command - Stack Overflow] ''un-verified''</ref>
* {{kbd | key=<nowiki>type <filename> | more</nowiki>}}  ({{Win}}) If the file was encoded in UTF-8, you need to key in {{kbd | key=chcp 65001}} first <ref>[http://fatting10.blogspot.tw/2015/08/solved-window.html (Solved) Window命令視窗中文亂碼 改編碼方法]</ref>.

==== Display only certain lines by number ====
[https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/288521/with-the-linux-cat-command-how-do-i-show-only-certain-lines-by-number text processing - With the Linux "cat" command, how do I show only certain lines by number - Unix & Linux Stack Exchange]

==== Show certain lines by line number ====
[[Show certain lines by line number]]

=== Newline count (count the number of lines of a file), word count ===
* {{kbd | key= <nowiki>wc -l <filename></nowiki>}} for {{Linux}} <ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wc_(Unix) wc (Unix) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia]</ref> ex: {{kbd | key= <nowiki>wc -l *.txt</nowiki>}} to print the newline count of txt files of the current folder 
* {{kbd | key= <nowiki>find . -type f -exec cat {} + | wc -l</nowiki>}} for {{Linux}} & {{Mac}} to print the newline count of all files on all subdirectories<ref>[https://stackoverflow.com/questions/13727917/use-wc-on-all-subdirectories-to-count-the-sum-of-lines linux - Use wc on all subdirectories to count the sum of lines - Stack Overflow]</ref>
* {{kbd | key= <nowiki>wc -l "$(cygpath -u '<path to file>')"</nowiki>}} for cygwin on {{Win}} ex: {{kbd | key= <nowiki>wc -l "$(cygpath -u 'c:\Program Files\file.txt')"</nowiki>}}<ref>[[Cygwin convert windows path to linux path]]</ref>

{{exclaim}} [https://stackoverflow.com/questions/28038633/wc-l-is-not-counting-last-of-the-file-if-it-does-not-have-end-of-line-character linux - wc -l is NOT counting last of the file if it does not have end of line character - Stack Overflow]

=== Save the console message as text file ===
Save the Unix manpage as plain text file
* {{kbd | key= <nowiki>man man | col -b > man.txt</nowiki>}} Thanks! [http://www.electrictoolbox.com/article/linux-unix-bsd/save-manpage-plain-text/ Save a Unix manpage as plain text]

=== Search text in a file ===
* grep command for multiple files: {{kbd | key=<nowiki>grep -ir "string to search" /path/to/directory</nowiki>}} or {{kbd | key= grep ''keyword'' /path/to/file}}  ({{Linux}})
* vim: (1)[http://www.tuxfiles.org/linuxhelp/vimcheat.html vim] <nowiki>[options]</nowiki> ''filename'' (2)press {{kbd | key= /keyword}}  ({{Linux}})
* cat & grep: {{kbd | key= cat /path/to/file <nowiki>|</nowiki> grep ''keyword''}}  ({{Linux}}) keyword is case sensitive

Search text in a compressed text file
* zcat & grep: {{kbd | key= cat /path/to/compressed_text.gz <nowiki>|</nowiki> grep ''keyword''}}  ({{Linux}})<ref>[http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/unix-linux-cat-gz-file-command/ Unix / Linux: cat .GZ Compressed Text File On Screen]</ref>

[[Desktop_search#Search_text_in_files| Search text in files]]<ref>[http://linux.vbird.org/linux_basic/0320bash.php#col 鳥哥的 Linux 私房菜 -- 學習 bash shell] </ref>

=== Merge multiple plain text files ===
[[Merge multiple text files into one file]]