Editing Data type

資料表欄位設計時，不同資料建議採用的資料型態(data type)

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== examples of data and suggested datatype ==
=== birth year ===
* data type: int
* ex: 1905 ~ 2013
* range/limit: 122 yeas old<ref>[http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9C%80%E5%B9%B4%E9%95%B7%E8%80%85 最年長者 - 維基百科，自由的百科全書]: 「根據金氏世界紀錄大全紀錄的最長壽者是活了122年的雅娜·卡爾曼特」</ref><ref> Range from 1905 ~ 2013 (108 yeas old) from the Sing-up form from outlook.com {{access| date=2013-02-04}} </ref>

=== IP ===
IP(v4)
* varchar(15) 
* ex: 255.255.255.255 <ref>[http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1385552/datatype-for-storing-ip-address-in-sql-server Datatype for storing ip address in SQL Server - Stack Overflow]</ref>

range/limit
* IP range - Classless inter-domain routing (CIDR)<ref> [http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:Range_blocks Help:Range blocks - MediaWiki] </ref>
** 12 or 24 bytes (IPv4 and IPv6 networks)<ref> [http://www.postgresql.org/docs/8.2/static/datatype-net-types.html PostgreSQL: Documentation: Manuals: Network Address Types] </ref>
** ex: 69.208.0.0/32

IPv6: [http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPv6 128位元長度，以16位元為一組，每組以冒號":"隔開，可以分為8組，每組以4位元十六進制方式表示]
** data type:
** ex: 2001:0db8:85a3:08d3:1319:8a2e:0370:7344

=== 網址 ===
* data type: >= MySQL 5.0.3 use {{kbd | key=VARCHAR(2083)}}<ref>[http://stackoverflow.com/questions/219569/best-database-field-type-for-a-url sql - Best database field type for a URL - Stack Overflow]</ref>; {{kbd | key=nvarchar(2083)}} for MS SQL 
* [http://support.microsoft.com/kb/208427 最大 URL 長度是在 Internet Explorer 中的 2,083 字元] for {{IE}}<ref>
* [http://stackoverflow.com/questions/417142/what-is-the-maximum-length-of-a-url-in-different-browsers http - What is the maximum length of a URL in different browsers? - Stack Overflow]
* [http://wiert.me/2010/04/20/maximum-url-lengths/ Maximum URL lengths « The Wiert Corner – irregular stream of stuff]
</ref>

=== Chinese name ===
** 最長姓名有13個字 <ref> 中國新聞網 (2010). [http://dailynews.sina.com/bg/tw/twpolitics/chinanews/20101104/00481967448.html 台灣“獨一姓氏”者達149人 最長姓名有13個字_台灣頻道_新浪網-北美]</ref><ref>[http://news.ltn.com.tw/news/life/paper/780935 姓名8個字 外交部不給護照 - 生活 - 自由時報電子報]</ref>
** LINE姓名欄位長度限制: 15字(15個中文字或15英文字母)

=== unix timestamp ===
* bigint(10) ; 
* ex: 1328664539
* range/limit:

=== 學校代碼 ===
School ID defined by MOE at Taiwan / 學校代碼<ref>[http://www.edu.tw/statistics/content.aspx?site_content_sn=25656 各級學校名錄--教育部統計處 Department of Statistics]{{access | date=2012-02-16}}</ref>
* integer: 4(university) ~ 6
* ex: 0001(國立政治大學)、373607(臺北市立華江國小)。前面可能有零。
* range/limit: 

=== 經緯度 (經度,緯度) ===
* DECIMAL(18,12)<ref>[http://stackoverflow.com/questions/159255/what-is-the-ideal-data-type-for-latitude-longitude mysql - What is the ideal data type for latitude / longitude? - Stack Overflow]</ref> or FLOAT( 10, 6 )<ref>[http://code.google.com/apis/maps/articles/phpsqlsearch.html Creating a Store Locator with PHP, MySQL & Google Maps - Google Maps API Family - Google Code]</ref>
* ex: 37.401724,-122.114646
* range/limit:

=== 價錢/金額 ===
* DECIMAL(10,2)<ref> [http://stackoverflow.com/questions/628637/best-data-type-for-currency sql - Best Data Type for Currency - Stack Overflow]{{access | date=2012-03-07}} </ref>
* ex: 
* range/limit: 0.00 ~ 99999999.99

=== 台灣縣市欄位值 ===
台灣縣市欄位值 下拉式選單<ref>取自[http://www.post.gov.tw/post/internet/f_searchzone/index.jsp?ID=190103 中華郵政全球資訊網]</ref>
<pre>
$city = array("基隆市", "台北市", "新北市", "桃園縣", "新竹市", "新竹縣", "苗栗縣", "台中市", 
        "彰化縣", "南投縣", "雲林縣", "嘉義市", "嘉義縣", "台南市", "高雄市", "屏東縣", "台東縣", "花蓮縣", 
        "宜蘭縣", "澎湖縣", "金門縣", "連江縣");
</pre>

=== 密碼 ===
* varchar at least eight (8) characters<ref>[https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Password_length_%26_complexity Password length & complexity - OWASP] "Minimum length. Passwords should be at least eight (8) characters long." </ref>

=== membership ===
** [http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa478949.aspx Membership Providers]

=== 很長的文字 ===
* MySQL: {{kbd | key = TEXT}}<ref>[http://blog.longwin.com.tw/2009/10/mysql-text-field-type-length-limit-2009/ MySQL TEXT 格式 的 長度限制 - Tsung's Blog]</ref><ref>[http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/blob.html MySQL :: MySQL 5.0 Reference Manual :: 11.1.6.3 The BLOB and TEXT Types]</ref>
* MsSQL: {{kbd | key = NVARCHAR(max)}}<ref>[http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms186939.aspx nchar and nvarchar (Transact-SQL)]</ref>

<pre> (left blank intentionally)
* data
** data type
** ex:
** range/limit:
</pre>

== comparision of datatypes in different database server ==
Storing Unicode text<ref>
* [http://trufflepenne.blogspot.tw/2012/10/mysql-sqlservernvarchar.html 松露筆管麵: Mysql 等同SqlServer的nvarchar]
* [http://stackoverflow.com/questions/144283/what-is-the-difference-between-varchar-and-nvarchar sql server - What is the difference between varchar and nvarchar? - Stack Overflow]</ref>
* MySQL: {{kbd | key=varchar}}
* MS SQL 2008: {{kbd | key=nvarchar}}

{{kbd | key=DATETIME}}: ex: "2013-06-13 03:33:33" 
* MS SQL 2008, MySQL is equivalent

{{kbd | key=TIMESTAMP}}: MS SQL 2008 and MySQL is '''NOT''' equivalent<ref>[http://stackoverflow.com/questions/8665548/sql-server-2008-timestamp-data-type SQL Server 2008 timestamp data type - Stack Overflow]</ref> {{exclaim}}
* MS SQL 2008<ref>[http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms182776(v=sql.90).aspx timestamp (Transact-SQL)]</ref> ex: 0x00000000000007D3 
* MySQL ex: 2013-06-13 03:33:33

== tools ==
ER圖(entity-relationship diagram)
* [http://www.mysql.com/products/workbench/ MySQL :: MySQL Workbench 6.0]: Notice the installation prerequisites{{exclaim}}

== references ==
<references />

=== further reading ===

* [http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/data-types.html MySQL :: MySQL 5.0 Reference Manual :: 10 Data Types]
* SQL Server 2005 [http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms187594(SQL.90).aspx Data Types (Database Engine)] / [http://msdn.microsoft.com/zh-tw/library/ms187594(v=sql.105).aspx 資料類型 (Database Engine)]
* [http://docs.oracle.com/cd/B28359_01/server.111/b28318/datatype.htm Oracle Data Types]
* [http://www.databaseanswers.org/data_models/index.htm Industry Data Models]

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