Troubleshooting of PHP errors - Revision history

Planetoid: /* 不知道網站伺服器載入哪一個 php.ini 設定檔 */

2025-02-05T10:13:19Z

不知道網站伺服器載入哪一個 php.ini 設定檔

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	=== 不知道網站伺服器載入哪一個 php.ini 設定檔 ===		=== 不知道網站伺服器載入哪一個 php.ini 設定檔 ===
	使用 console command<ref>[http://php.net/manual/en/features.commandline.options.php PHP: Options - Manual]</ref>		使用 console command<ref>[http://php.net/manual/en/features.commandline.options.php PHP: Options - Manual]</ref>
	* 輸入命令 {{kbd \| key = <nowiki>php --ini</nowiki>}} 或 {{kbd \| key = <nowiki>~~/complete~~/path/to/php --ini</nowiki>}}		* 輸入命令 {{kbd \| key = <nowiki>php --ini</nowiki>}} 或 {{kbd \| key = <nowiki>/path/to/php --ini</nowiki>}}
	<pre>		<pre>
	> php --ini		> php --ini

Planetoid at 15:01, 15 May 2024

2024-05-15T15:01:28Z

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	PHP 技術問題的排除與解決		PHP 技術問題的排除與解決

			This article categorizes various PHP issues into four main types:

			# '''File and Directory Issues''': These involve problems related to file handling and directory operations in PHP, such as file not found errors or issues with file permissions.
			# '''Configuration and Environment Issues''': This category covers issues arising from misconfigurations or environmental factors, including PHP settings, memory limits, and server configurations.
			# '''Error Handling and Debugging''': These issues pertain to errors and debugging challenges, such as syntax errors, runtime errors, and debugging messages.
			# '''General PHP Practices''': This encompasses best practices and general usage of PHP, including coding standards, command-line usage, and avoiding common pitfalls.

	== Troubleshooting steps of PHP errors ==		== Troubleshooting steps of PHP errors ==

Planetoid: /* Configuration and Environment Issues */

2024-05-15T14:59:16Z

Configuration and Environment Issues

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 </pre>
 more on [http://php.net/manual/en/language.constants.predefined.php PHP: Magic constants], [https://github.com/Seldaek/monolog monolog]
 == Configuration and Environment Issues ==
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 * 解法I: 如果沒有設定 composer.phar 的 PATH ，需要清楚告知 composer.phar 的完整檔案路徑，例如{{kbd | key = /path/to/php /path/to/composer require league/csv}}
 * 解法II on {{Mac}}/{{Linux}}:  將下載的 composer.phar 移動到 /usr/local/bin/composer {{kbd | key = mv /path/to/composer.phar /usr/local/bin/composer}}，再重新執行安裝套件的指令<ref>[http://stackoverflow.com/questions/21670709/running-composer-returns-could-not-open-input-file-composer-phar php - Running Composer returns: "Could not open input file: composer.phar" - Stack Overflow]</ref>。
 == Error Handling and Debugging ==

Planetoid: /* File and Directory Issues */

2024-05-15T14:59:01Z

File and Directory Issues

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	* 解法I: 如果沒有設定 composer.phar 的 PATH ，需要清楚告知 composer.phar 的完整檔案路徑，例如{{kbd \| key = /path/to/php /path/to/composer require league/csv}}		* 解法I: 如果沒有設定 composer.phar 的 PATH ，需要清楚告知 composer.phar 的完整檔案路徑，例如{{kbd \| key = /path/to/php /path/to/composer require league/csv}}
	* 解法II on {{Mac}}/{{Linux}}: 將下載的 composer.phar 移動到 /usr/local/bin/composer {{kbd \| key = mv /path/to/composer.phar /usr/local/bin/composer}}，再重新執行安裝套件的指令<ref>[http://stackoverflow.com/questions/21670709/running-composer-returns-could-not-open-input-file-composer-phar php - Running Composer returns: "Could not open input file: composer.phar" - Stack Overflow]</ref>。		* 解法II on {{Mac}}/{{Linux}}: 將下載的 composer.phar 移動到 /usr/local/bin/composer {{kbd \| key = mv /path/to/composer.phar /usr/local/bin/composer}}，再重新執行安裝套件的指令<ref>[http://stackoverflow.com/questions/21670709/running-composer-returns-could-not-open-input-file-composer-phar php - Running Composer returns: "Could not open input file: composer.phar" - Stack Overflow]</ref>。


	~~== File and Directory Issues ==~~

	~~=== 檔案操作有關 ===~~
	~~可否讀取或寫入：例如 imagejpeg($canvas, $filename, 100); 沒有顯示錯誤訊息，則需要~~
	* 檢查檔案或目錄是否存在 [http://tw2.php.net/file_exists file_exists]

	* 檢查檔案是否可以讀取 [http://php.net/manual/en/function.is-readable.php is_readable]

	* 如果是上傳檔案，需要檢查暫存目錄是否可以寫入 [http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1520956/php-way-to-find-the-web-servers-temp-path upload - PHP way to find the web server's temp path? - Stack Overflow]

	* 檢查該檔案所在目錄是否已經建立，若未建立則需要建立 [http://php.net/manual/en/function.mkdir.php mkdir]，並設定可以寫入。如果產生位置是在多層子目錄下 (巢狀的多層目錄)，則需要啟用 recursive 選項<ref>[http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2303372/create-a-folder-if-it-doesnt-already-exist php - Create a folder if it doesn't already exist - Stack Overflow] code snippet: <nowiki>mkdir('path/to/directory', 0755, true);</nowiki> </ref>

	* 設定該檔案/目錄是否可以寫入: 如果要刪除或寫入檔案，需要檢查是否具備寫入權限
	*# SELinux (Security-Enhanced Linux) policy: {{kbd \| key = httpd_sys_rw_content_t}}<ref>[https://blog.lysender.com/2015/07/centos-7-selinux-php-apache-cannot-writeaccess-file-no-matter-what/ CentOS 7 + SELinux + PHP + Apache – cannot write/access file no matter what \| Lysender's Daily Log Book]</ref>
	*# (optional) 該檔案/目錄的 (1) 擁有者是網站使用者 (e.g. 網站伺服器設定檔預設值 CentOS 的 Apache 伺服器是 apache、Ubuntu 的 Apache 伺服器則是 www-data<ref>[https://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1293508 [SOLVED] How to find out Apache Username?]</ref>) 、或者是 (2) 網站使用者的群組 (e.g. CentOS 的 Apache 伺服器是 apache、Nginx 伺服器是 nginx) 可以寫入
	*# {{Win}} [http://www.webdeveloper.com/forum/showthread.php?165933-File-Permissions-in-Windows-(WAMP) File Permissions in Windows (WAMP)] <ref>[https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/Cc754344.aspx Set, View, Change, or Remove Permissions on Files and Folders]</ref>

	* 驗證是否具備寫入權限:
	*# 輸入 {{Linux}} 指令 (1) 檢查檔案權限 {{kbd \| key = ls -Z /path/to/file}}、(2) 檢查目錄權限 {{kbd \| key = ls -Zd /path/to/directory/}}
	*# PHP [https://www.php.net/manual/en/function.get-current-user.php get_current_user] function
	*# PHP [http://php.net/manual/en/function.is-writable.php is_writable function]

	~~=== 錯誤訊息: no such file or directory 找不到 PHP 路徑　===~~
	~~<pre>~~
	~~% php -v~~
	~~zsh: no such file or directory: /Applications/MAMP/bin/php/php7.4.21/bin/php~~
	~~</pre>~~

	~~解決方法：找到 PHP 檔案路徑~~
	* [[XAMPP]] on {{Mac}} {{kbd \| key=<nowiki>/Applications/xampp/bin/php</nowiki>}}
	* MAMP PRO on on {{Mac}} input the command ls {{kbd \| key=<nowiki>/Applications/MAMP/bin/php/php*/bin/php</nowiki>}} to find the suitable version you want e.g. {{kbd \| key=<nowiki>/Applications/MAMP/bin/php/php8.1.13/bin/php</nowiki>}}

	If you are using zsh. Input the command {{kbd \| key=<nowiki>vi ~/.zshrc</nowiki>}} to edit the file<ref>[https://castion2293.medium.com/mac%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%87%E7%B4%9Aphp%E7%89%88%E6%9C%AC%E4%B8%A6%E8%A8%AD%E7%82%BA%E9%A0%90%E8%A8%AD-d7e6fdad9cc2 Mac中升級php版本並設為預設. 確認目前PHP的版本 \| by Nick Zhang \| Medium]</ref>

	~~原檔案內容~~
	~~<pre>~~
	~~alias php='/Applications/MAMP/bin/php/php7.4.21/bin/php'~~
	~~</pre>~~

	~~修改後檔案內容~~
	~~<pre>~~
	~~alias php='/Applications/MAMP/bin/php/php8.1.13/bin/php'~~
	~~</pre>~~

	~~And then relaunch the shell~~

	~~=== PHPExcel 產生的 Excel 檔案，開啟後看到一堆亂碼 ===~~
	狀況1: 開啟 Excel 檔案，看到最前面有 {{kbd \| key=<nowiki>NOTICE</nowiki>}} 的錯誤訊息，例如 {{kbd \| key=<nowiki><b>Notice</b>: Constant CONST_XXX already defined in <b>path\to\script.php</b> on line xx</nowiki>}}
	* 解法: 關閉錯誤訊息輸出 ex: [http://www.php.net/manual/en/function.error-reporting.php error_reporting(0);] 以及修正 NOTICE 訊息指涉的問題，例如例子中常數重複宣告的問題。

	~~狀況2: 開啟 Excel 檔案，看到最前面有 {{kbd \| key=<nowiki>Fatal error</nowiki>}} 之類的錯誤訊息~~
	* 解法: 關閉錯誤訊息輸出 ex: [http://www.php.net/manual/en/function.error-reporting.php error_reporting(0);] ，以及修正 Fatal error 訊息指涉的問題。

	~~狀況3: 開啟 Excel 檔案，看到有儲存格位址之類的錯誤訊息~~
	* 解法: 該儲存格內容以等號 (=) 開始，卻不是函數。解決方式是將儲存格內容的最前面加一個單引號 (') 或者是加個空白。

Planetoid: /* 檢查步驟 */

2024-05-15T14:55:12Z

檢查步驟

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 PHP 技術問題的排除與解決
-# 檢查 PHP log
+== Troubleshooting steps of PHP errors ==
 # 檢查網站伺服器 error log e.g. 如果使用 [https://www.nginx.com/ NGINX] Web Server 可輸入指令 {{kbd | key=<nowiki>sudo tail /var/log/nginx/error.log</nowiki>}}
 == Configuration and Environment Issues ==

Planetoid: /* troubleshooting steps of function */

2024-05-15T14:54:04Z

troubleshooting steps of function

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 * [https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/dash/id449589707?ls=1&mt=12 Dash 3] for {{Mac}}  - API Docs & Snippets. Integrates with Xcode, Alfred, TextWrangler and many more. on the Mac App Store
 * [http://devdocs.io/ DevDocs API Documentation]
 == References ==

Planetoid: /* logging */

2024-05-15T14:53:52Z

logging

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	* try & catch: [http://php.net/manual/en/language.exceptions.php PHP: Exceptions]		* try & catch: [http://php.net/manual/en/language.exceptions.php PHP: Exceptions]

	== logging ==		=== logging ===
	native error logging		native error logging
	* [http://www.php.net/ PHP] log: check the configuration file: /etc/php.ini (the location of configuration file can be verified by [http://php.net/manual/en/function.phpinfo.php phpinfo()] )		* [http://www.php.net/ PHP] log: check the configuration file: /etc/php.ini (the location of configuration file can be verified by [http://php.net/manual/en/function.phpinfo.php phpinfo()] )

Planetoid: /* General PHP Practices */

2024-05-15T14:52:25Z

General PHP Practices

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	=== Using PHP from the command line ===		=== Using PHP from the command line ===
	[[Execute php script in a bat file]]		[[Execute php script in a bat file]]

			=== 移除非預期的空白(全形空白) ===
			需要額外移除 [http://www.fileformat.info/info/unicode/char/3000/index.htm 'IDEOGRAPHIC SPACE' (U+3000)] 全形空白
			<pre>
			$string = str_replace(json_decode('"\u3000"'), "", $string);
			$string = trim($string);
			</pre>

			More on: [[Data_cleaning#Remove other string look like whitespace \| Remove other string look like whitespace]]

	== 使用者操作/使用者輸入的內容 ==		== 使用者操作/使用者輸入的內容 ==

Planetoid: /* 移除非預期的空白(全形空白) */

2024-05-15T14:52:13Z

移除非預期的空白(全形空白)

@@ Line 89: / Line 89: @@
 * 原因: 沒有設定時區
 * 解決方法: 使用 date() 或 strtotime() 等[http://php.net/manual/en/ref.datetime.php 時間相關函數]之前，先設定時區，例 {{kbd | key = <nowiki>date_default_timezone_set("Asia/Taipei")</nowiki>}}
 === composer.phar: command not found 或 Could not open input file: composer.phar ===

Planetoid: /* Unclassified PHP 技術問題處理 */

2024-05-15T14:52:02Z

Unclassified PHP 技術問題處理

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:52, 15 May 2024
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	狀況3: 開啟 Excel 檔案，看到有儲存格位址之類的錯誤訊息		狀況3: 開啟 Excel 檔案，看到有儲存格位址之類的錯誤訊息
	* 解法: 該儲存格內容以等號 (=) 開始，卻不是函數。解決方式是將儲存格內容的最前面加一個單引號 (') 或者是加個空白。		* 解法: 該儲存格內容以等號 (=) 開始，卻不是函數。解決方式是將儲存格內容的最前面加一個單引號 (') 或者是加個空白。

	~~== Unclassified PHP 技術問題處理 ==~~


			== Error Handling and Debugging ==
	=== 錯誤訊息: ERROR: 00000:: ===		=== 錯誤訊息: ERROR: 00000:: ===
	* 原因: 想要刪除的資料不在 MySQL 資料庫內，進行刪除時，會發生的錯誤。		* 原因: 想要刪除的資料不在 MySQL 資料庫內，進行刪除時，會發生的錯誤。
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	Or input the {{kbd \| key=kill}} command to stop the process if you have the permission. See details on [[Linux_commands#Show_the_process_list_.26_kill_the_process]]		Or input the {{kbd \| key=kill}} command to stop the process if you have the permission. See details on [[Linux_commands#Show_the_process_list_.26_kill_the_process]]

	~~=== Using PHP from the command line ===~~
	~~[[Execute php script in a bat file]]~~

	=== Json errors ===		=== Json errors ===
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	* 解法: 查詢語法中包含複雜的 sub query 雖然可以順利呈現查詢結果，但是搜尋篩選時出現查詢錯誤。如果要使用 phpgrid ，建議降低查詢的複雜度。		* 解法: 查詢語法中包含複雜的 sub query 雖然可以順利呈現查詢結果，但是搜尋篩選時出現查詢錯誤。如果要使用 phpgrid ，建議降低查詢的複雜度。

			== General PHP Practices ==

			=== Using PHP from the command line ===
			[[Execute php script in a bat file]]

	== 使用者操作/使用者輸入的內容 ==		== 使用者操作/使用者輸入的內容 ==